1. What It Is

Rupatadine is an antihistamine used primarily to treat allergic conditions. It belongs to the class of second-generation antihistamines, which are known for their reduced sedative effects compared to first-generation antihistamines. Rupatadine is effective in alleviating symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria (hives).

2. Dosage Forms and Strengths

Rupatadine is available in the following dosage forms and strengths:

• Tablets: 10 mg
• Syrup: 1 mg/mL (for pediatric use)

The tablet form is generally prescribed for adults and children over 12 years of age, while the syrup is often used for younger children who may have difficulty swallowing tablets.

3. Brand and Generic Names

• Brand Names: Rupafin, Rupal, and others depending on the country and manufacturer.
• Generic Name: Rupatadine

4. Indications for Use

Rupatadine is indicated for:

• Allergic Rhinitis: It is used to relieve symptoms such as sneezing, runny or itchy nose, and itchy or watery eyes associated with allergic rhinitis.
• Chronic Urticaria: It helps in controlling symptoms of chronic hives, including itching and rash.

5. Mechanism of Action

Rupatadine works by blocking histamine H1 receptors, which are responsible for many allergic reactions. It is a selective antagonist of the H1 receptor, preventing histamine from binding to these receptors and thereby reducing allergic symptoms. Additionally, Rupatadine has been shown to have some antagonistic effects on the platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, which may contribute to its efficacy in treating allergic conditions.

6. Administration and Dosage

• Adults and Children Over 12 Years: The usual dosage is 10 mg once daily.
• Children Aged 2 to 11 Years: The recommended dose is 1 mg/kg body weight once daily, not exceeding 10 mg per day.

The medication can be taken with or without food. It is crucial to follow the dosage instructions provided by a healthcare professional to ensure effectiveness and minimize side effects.

7. Side Effects and Precautions

Side Effects:

• Common: Headache, drowsiness, dry mouth, and fatigue.
• Less Common: Gastrointestinal disturbances, dizziness, and allergic reactions.

Precautions:

• Pre-existing Conditions: Individuals with severe liver or kidney impairment should use Rupatadine with caution. Dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Rupatadine during pregnancy and lactation is not well-established. It should be used only if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare provider.
• Interactions: Rupatadine may interact with other medications, including alcohol and certain central nervous system depressants. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to avoid potential interactions.

8. Conclusion

Rupatadine is a second-generation antihistamine with a favorable profile for managing allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria. Its selective action on histamine H1 receptors and additional PAF receptor antagonism provides relief from allergy symptoms with generally fewer sedative effects compared to first-generation antihistamines. When used according to prescribed guidelines, Rupatadine is effective in improving quality of life for those suffering from allergic conditions. However, as with all medications, it is essential for patients to follow dosing instructions and be aware of potential side effects and interactions. Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial for the safe and effective use of Rupatadine.