Finasteride

Introduction

Finasteride is a pharmaceutical agent primarily used in the treatment of conditions related to excessive dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, notably benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and androgenetic alopecia. Its effectiveness stems from its specific action on hormone levels, which can have significant implications for patients with these conditions.

What It Is

Finasteride is a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound that functions as a selective inhibitor of type II 5-alpha reductase. This enzyme is responsible for converting testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a more potent androgen hormone. By inhibiting this enzyme, finasteride effectively reduces DHT levels in the body, impacting conditions related to this hormone.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Finasteride is available in the following dosage forms and strengths:

• Tablets: The most common formulation, available in strengths of 1 mg and 5 mg.
  • 1 mg tablets are primarily used for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.
  • 5 mg tablets are used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Brand and Generic Names

Finasteride is marketed under various brand names, including:

• Propecia (for androgenetic alopecia)
• Proscar (for benign prostatic hyperplasia)

The generic name "finasteride" is used for all formulations and brands.

Indications for Use

Finasteride is indicated for:

• Androgenetic Alopecia: Commonly known as male-pattern baldness, this condition is treated with the 1 mg dosage of finasteride to slow hair loss and promote hair regrowth.
• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): The 5 mg dosage is used to alleviate symptoms of BPH, such as urinary obstruction, by shrinking the prostate gland and improving urine flow.

Mechanism of Action

Finasteride works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, which is responsible for converting testosterone into DHT. DHT is a more potent androgen that contributes to prostate growth and hair loss. By lowering DHT levels, finasteride reduces prostate size in BPH and decreases hair follicle miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia.

Administration and Dosage

• Androgenetic Alopecia: The recommended dose is 1 mg orally once daily.
• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: The recommended dose is 5 mg orally once daily.

The tablets should be swallowed whole and can be taken with or without food. Consistent use is crucial for optimal results.

Side Effects and Precautions

Common Side Effects:

• Decreased libido
• Erectile dysfunction
• Ejaculation disorders
• Breast tenderness or enlargement

Less Common Side Effects:

• Rash
• Swelling of the hands or feet
• Testicular pain

Precautions:

• Pregnancy: Finasteride is contraindicated in pregnant women due to potential risks of abnormal fetal development, particularly affecting the male genitalia.
• Liver Function: Patients with liver impairment should use finasteride with caution.
• Prostate Cancer: Finasteride may affect prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, potentially masking prostate cancer. Regular screening and monitoring are recommended.

Conclusion

Finasteride is a valuable therapeutic agent in the management of androgenetic alopecia and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Its targeted action on DHT levels provides symptomatic relief for BPH and promotes hair regrowth for individuals experiencing male-pattern baldness. While generally well-tolerated, it is important for patients to be aware of potential side effects and take necessary precautions, especially regarding its use during pregnancy and in those with liver conditions. Overall, finasteride remains a significant option in the therapeutic arsenal for conditions related to DHT.

• Model: PROPESCAR
• Brand: